Cultural Heritage and Tourism

An Enigmatic Tapestry

Abstract

This paper explores the dynamic interplay between cultural heritage and tourism, with a particular focus on India as a civilizational cradle of diverse tangible and intangible heritage forms. Tracing the historical foundations of heritage travel in India—from Vedic-era pilgrimages to modern global tourism—the study highlights the multifaceted value of cultural heritage as a medium of identity, continuity, and economic growth. It examines the evolution of heritage management practices, government-led initiatives, and technological interventions such as the use of digital platforms and 3D documentation. Drawing on global best practices from countries like Italy, Japan, and France, the paper underscores the need for sustainable, community-led, and inclusive models of heritage tourism. It also addresses persistent challenges such as overtourism, funding deficits, policy fragmentation, and threats to intangible heritage. Looking forward, the study advocates for a future built on digital innovation, environmental responsibility, youth engagement, and cross-sector partnerships. By balancing conservation with development, and tradition with innovation, India can position itself as a global leader in heritage-led sustainable tourism. The paper contributes to the ongoing discourse on heritage as a living and transformative resource in an increasingly interconnected world.